(1)	The Chief Justice of Pakistan shall be appointed by the President, and each of the other Judges shall be appointed by the President after consultation with the Chief Justice.

(2)

A person shall not be appointed a Judge of the Supreme Court unless he is a citizen of Pakistan and- (a) has for a period of, or for periods aggregating, not less than five years been a judge of a High Court (including a High Court which existed in Pakistan at any time before the commencing day); or (b) has for a period of, or for periods aggregating not less than fifteen years been an advocate of a High Court (including a High Court which existed in Pakistan at any time before the commencing day).

179	Retiring Age.  504[(1)] 504 A Judge of the Supreme Court shall hold office until he attains the age of  505[sixty-eight years] 505, unless he sooner resigns or is removed from office in accordance with the Constitution.    506[] 506

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(2)	The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, whether appointed before or after the commencement of the Constitution (Fifth Amendment) Act, 1976, shall, unless he sooner attains the age of sixty-five years, hold office for a term of five years and shall thereafter have the option either:- (a) to retire from his office and receive the pension to which he would have been entitled if he had retired from office on attaining the age of sixty-five years; or (b) to assume the office of the most senior of the other Judges of the Supreme Court and to continue to receive the same salary which he was receiving while holding the office of Chief Justice.
(3)	When a Judge assumes the office of the most senior of the other Judges of the Supreme Court under clause (2), the Judge who was until then the most senior of the other Judges shall rank next after him in order of seniority.
(4)	A person who has once held office as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, otherwise than under Article 180, shall not again be appointed to that office.
(5)	The provisions of clauses (2), (3) and (4) shall have effect notwithstanding anything contained in Article 275.

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(6)	Notwithstanding anything contained in clause (1) or clause (2), a Chief Justice of the Supreme Court who attains the age of sixty-five years before he has held that office for a term of five years may continue to hold that office until he has completed that term.

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(3)	Until provision is made for establishing the Supreme Court at Islamabad, the seat of the Court shall be at such place as the President may  523 appoint.

184

Original Jurisdiction of Supreme Court. (1) The Supreme Court shall, to the exclusion of every other court, have original jurisdiction in any dispute between any two or more Governments. Explanation.- In this clause, "Governments" means the Federal Government and the Provincial Governments.   (2) In the exercise of the jurisdiction conferred on it by clause (1), the Supreme Court shall pronounce declaratory judgments only.   (3) Without prejudice to the provisions of Article 199, the Supreme Court shall, if it considers that a question of public importance with reference to the enforcement of any of the Fundamental Rights conferred by Chapter I of Part II is involved have the power to make an order of the nature mentioned in the said Article 525[:] 525  526[Provided that the Supreme Court shall not make an order or give direction or make a declaration on its own or in the nature of suo motu exercise of jurisdiction beyond the contents of any application filed under this clause.] 526

185

Appellate Jurisdiction of Supreme Court. (1) Subject to this Article, the Supreme Court shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine appeals from judgments, decrees, final orders or sentences.   (2) An appeal shall lie to the Supreme Court from any judgment, decree, final order or sentence (a) if the High Court has on appeal reversed an order of acquittal of an accused person and sentenced him to death or to transportation for life or imprisonment for life; or, on revision, has enhanced a sentence to a sentence as aforesaid; or (b) if the High Court has withdrawn for trial before itself any case from any court subordinate to it and has in such trial convicted the accused person and sentenced him as aforesaid; or (c) if the High Court has imposed any punishment on any person for contempt of the High Court; or (d) if the amount or value of the subject matter of the dispute in the court of first instance was, and also in dispute in appeal is, not less than  528[one million] 528 rupees or such other sum as may be specified in that behalf by Act of  529[Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament)] 529 and the judgment, decree or final order appealed from has varied or set aside the judgment, decree or final order of the court immediately below; or (e) if the judgment, decree or final order involves directly or indirectly some claim or question respecting property of the like amount or value and the judgment, decree or final order appealed from has varied or set aside the judgment, decree or final order of the court immediately below; or (f) if the High Court certifies that the case involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of the Constitution.   (3) An appeal to the Supreme Court from a judgment, decree, order or sentence of a High Court in a case to which clause (2) does not apply shall lie only if the Supreme Court grants leave to appeal.

186	Advisory Jurisdiction. (1) If, at any time, the President considers that it is desirable to obtain the opinion of the Supreme Court on any question of law which he considers of public importance, he may refer the question to the Supreme Court for consideration.   (2) The Supreme Court shall consider a question so referred and report its opinion on the question to the President.

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186A	Power of Supreme Court to transfer cases. The Supreme Court may, if it considers it expedient to do so in the interest of justice, transfer any case, appeal or other proceedings, pending before any High Court to any other High Court or to itself.

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186A	Power of Supreme Court to transfer cases. The Supreme Court may, if it considers it expedient to do so in the interest of justice, transfer any case, appeal or other proceedings pending before any High Court to any other High Court.

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189	Decisions of Supreme Court binding on other Courts. Any decision of the Supreme Court shall, to the extent that it decides a question of law or is based upon or enunciates a principle of law, be binding on all other courts in Pakistan.

191	Rules of Procedure. Subject to the Constitution and law, the Supreme Court may make rules regulating the practice and procedure of the Court.

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191A

Constitutional Benches of the Supreme Court. (1) There shall be Constitutional Benches of the Supreme Court, comprising such Judges of the Supreme Court and for such term, as may be nominated and determined by the Judicial Commission of Pakistan, from time to time: Provided that the Constitutional Benches may comprise equal number of Judges from each Province.   (2) The most senior Judge amongst Judges nominated under clause (l) shall be the most senior Judge of the Constitutional Benches.   (3) No Bench of the Supreme Court other than a Constitutional Bench shall exercise following jurisdictions vested in the Supreme Court, namely:- (a) original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court under Article 184; (b) appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court under clause (3) of Article 185, where a judgment or order of a High Court passed under Article 199 involves constitutionality of any law or a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of the Constitution; and (c) advisory jurisdiction of the Supreme Court under Article 186.   (4) For the purposes of clause (3), a Bench consisting of not less than five Judges, to be nominated by a committee comprising the most senior Judge of the Constitutional Benches and next two most senior Judges from amongst the Judges nominated under clause (1), shall hear and dispose of such matters.   (5) All petitions, appeals or review applications against judgments rendered or orders passed, to which clause (3) applies, pending or filed in the Supreme Court prior to commencement of the Constitution (Twenty-sixth Amendment) Act, 2024 (XXVI of 2024), forthwith stand transferred to the Constitutional Benches and shall only be heard and decided by Benches constituted under clause (4).   (6) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Constitution but subject to law, the Judges nominated under clause (1) may make rules regulating the practice and procedure of the Constitutional Benches.

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